![]() It is important to note that an anterior tibia stress fracture is a serious injury potentially and adversely affecting an athlete's career or even leading to its premature termination. The scientific evidence shows that a significant number of runners suffer a tibia stress fracture even when running modest distances of 30-40 km/week. , Recreational and professional runners are prone to developing a stress fracture on the posterior medial side of the tibia, while an anterior tibia stress fracture may result from sports demanding frequent jumps, or which include a multitude of other movements, such as trail running. Tibia stress fractures typically occur in the proximal and distal parts of the bone and over the medial posterior surface of the tibia, with the midpart of the bone and the anterior diaphysis being far less susceptible. ,, ,, ,, ,, Fractures may occur at different locations within the tibia. The tibia is the most common site of a stress fracture in the lower body in runners, accounting for between 25% and 59% of all stress fractures reported. ![]() This article reviews the common stress fractures in runners with an aim to present the location of stress fractures according to kilometers run per week. Stress fractures can affect any physically active person at any age if he/she participate in repetitive sports activities such as running. Table 3: Percentage distribution of stress fractures in runners by bone: A panorama of the literature Table 2: High‑ and low‑risk fracture sites according to their propensity to heal without complication with conservative therapy Table 1: Extrinsic and intrinsic risk factors contributing to the pathogenesis of stress fractures Most of the stress fractures develop gradually and usually occur as a result of repetitive overload and/or overuse of the bone, when mechanical stresses exceed bone remodeling and adaptive capacity. ,, The most commonly involved bone is the tibia, but the metatarsals, tarsal navicular, femur, and pelvic skeleton are also susceptible to these fractures. ,, ,, The incidence of such fractures in runners accounts for up to 21.1% of all injuries sustained. ,, In addition, stress fractures can be divided into high- and low-risk stress fracture sites based on the likelihood of uncomplicated healing with conservative therapy. These factors are typically grouped into two major categories extrinsic and intrinsic risk factors. ![]() , It is believed that numerous factors contribute to the development of the pathogenesis of stress fractures in runners. Nowadays, with the ongoing development of public participation in sports, stress fractures can also affect recreational runners. Stress fractures are a major musculoskeletal problem occurring frequently in professional runners which may lead to significant disability and loss of time from sports training and competition and therefore require particular attention. Common stress fractures in runners: An analysis. Keywords: Athletes, lower extremity, running, stress fracture ![]()
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